Historic
Monuments of Morocco
The
cultural heritage of Morocco (patrimoine national) is protected and promoted in
accordance with Law 19-05 (2005) and Law 22-80 (1980), which relate to the
nation's Historic Monuments (monuments historiques), Sites (sites),
inscriptions, and objects of art and antiquity.[1][2] The national heritage
register, Inventaire National du Patrimoine Culturel, is maintained by the
Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP).
Hassan Tower
Hassan Tower
or Tour Hassan (Arabic: صومعة حسان) is the minaret of an incomplete mosque in
Rabat, Morocco.[1] Begun in 1195, the tower was intended to be the largest
minaret in the world along with the mosque, also intended to be the world's
largest. In 1199, Sultan Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, the third Caliph of the
Almohad Caliphate, died and construction on the mosque stopped. The tower
reached 44 m (140 ft), about half of its intended 86 m (260 ft) height. The
rest of the mosque was also left incomplete, with only the beginnings of
several walls and 200 columns being constructed. The tower, made of red
sandstone,[2] along with the remains of the mosque and the modern Mausoleum of
Mohammed V, forms an important historical and tourist complex in Rabat.
Remnants of
wall at Hassan Tower, Rabat, Morocco
Instead of
stairs, the tower is ascended by ramps. The minaret's ramps would have allowed
the muezzin to ride a horse to the top of the tower to issue the call to
prayer.
Yaqub al-Mansur
Founder of
the Hassan Tower, Yaqub al-Mansur was a member of the Almohad Caliphate, a
Berber Muslim empire in the Maghreb and Iberia. The tower, according to some
traditions, was designed by an astronomer and mathematician named Jabir ibn
Aflah who was also supposed to have designed Hassan's sister tower, the Giralda
of Seville in Al Andalus (modern day Spain). Both of the towers were modeled on
the minaret based on the Koutoubia Mosque in Marrakech. Jabir's involvement in
the design of the structure can not be confirmed though and many scholars
assume that the from belfry on top of the Giralda, which was converted from a
minaret to a bell tower for the Seville Cathedral after the Reconquista.
Yaqub
al-Mansur conducted other works in Rabat, most notably reconstruction of the
Kasbah of the Udayas and conversion of the Chellah ancient complex, built by
the Phoenicians and Romans,[3] to a necropolis usage.
تحويل كودإخفاء محول الأكواد الإبتساماتإخفاء